What action should be taken if someone falls overboard and is too far to reach?

Throwing a personal flotation device (PFD) is the most effective action to take if someone falls overboard and is too far to reach. A PFD provides immediate buoyancy for the person in the water, making it easier for them to stay afloat and reducing the risk of drowning. This is especially critical if the individual is not a strong swimmer or becomes panicked.

Additionally, tossing a flotation device allows you to maintain your position on the boat and assess the situation further without putting yourself at risk by entering the water. It gives the person in distress a better chance of survival while you can also call for additional assistance if needed.

In contrast, jumping in to rescue them immediately can create additional difficulties, especially if you are not trained in water rescue techniques or if conditions make it unsafe to enter the water. Attempting to swim out to the individual can lead to exhaustion or danger for both you and the person in distress, particularly if conditions are rough or if they are too far away. Shouting for help from nearby vessels can be helpful but relies on others' response, which may not be immediate. Therefore, throwing a PFD is the most direct and effective response.